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The Constitution

Amendments to the Constitution
1st Amendment (ratified: Dec 15, 1791) [Bill of Rights]
Guarantees the freedom of religion, speech, press, assembly, and petitionish the government
2nd Amendment (Dec 15, 1791) [Bill of Rights]
Protects the right to bear arms
3rd Amendment (Dec 15, 1791) [Bill of Rights]
Troops cannot be housed in a private citizen's home
4th Amendment (Dec 15, 1791) [Bill of Rights]
Protects against unreasonable search and seizure, a search warrant is need
5th Amendment (Dec 15, 1791) [Bill of Rights]
Provides due process of law
6th Amendment (Dec 15, 1791) [Bill of Rights]
Guarantees speedy trial and the right to call own witnesses
7th Amendment (Dec 15, 1791) [Bill of Rights]
Guarantees jury trial
8th Amendment (Dec 15, 1791) [Bill of Rights]
No excessive bail or cruel and unusual punishments
9th Amendment (Dec 15, 1791) [Bill of Rights]
All rights not mentioned are still guaranteed against government infringement
10th Amendment (Dec 15, 1791) [Bill of Rights]
All powers not specifically delegated to the federal government belong to the states or people.
11th Amendment (passed by Congress: Mar 4, 1798; ratified: Feb 7, 1795)
US citizens cannot sue foreign subjects
12th Amendment (Dec 9, 1803; Jun 15, 1804)
Electoral college casts separate ballots for President and Vice President
13th Amendment (Jan 31, 1865; Dec 6, 1865)
Slavery deemed unconstitutional
14th Amendment (Jun 13, 1866; Jul 9, 1968)
Section 1: Gave federal government responsibility for guaranteeing equal rights under the law to all Americans
Section 2: Penalized the South for denying black voting rights by reducing Congressional representation
Section 3: denied federal office to those who had taken the oath of office to support the Constitution and then supported the Confederacy
Section 4: The Confederacy debt is considered void
  • If the Southern states did not ratify this, Congress would block readmittance to the Union
15th Amendment (Feb 26, 1896; Feb 3, 1870)
Prohibits any state from denying a male citizen the right to vote because of race, color or previous condition of servitude
  • States still limited suffrage by requiring literacy tests, property qualification or poll taxes
16th Amendment (Jul 2, 1909; Feb 3, 1913)
Federal income tax instated
17th Amendment (May 13, 1912; Apr 8, 1913)
Direct election of senators
18th Amendment (Dec 18, 1917; Jan 16, 1919) [Prohibition]
Prohibited the manufacture, sale, and transportation of alcohol
  • Repealed with the 21st Amendment in 1933
19th Amendment (Jun 4, 1919; Aug 18, 1920)
Gave women the right to vote
20th Amendment (Mar 2, 1932; Jan 23, 1933)
Section 1: Changed the Presidential and Vice Presidential terms to end on January 20th; Senator and Representative terms end January 3rd
Section 2: Congress has to meet at least once a year
Section 3: If the President dies, the Vice President will become President (and the line of succession)
21st Amendment (Feb 20, 1933; Dec 5, 1933)
Repealed the 18th Amendment
22nd Amendment (Mar 21, 1947; Feb 27, 1951)
President is limited to two terms in office
23rd Amendment (Jun 16, 1960; Mar 29, 1961)
The District of Columbia can elect and appoint Senators and Representatives similar to the states
24th Amendment (Aug 27, 1962; Jan 23, 1964)
Poll or any other kind of tax denying the right to voting is declared illegal
25th Amendment (Jul 6, 1965; Feb 10, 1967)
If the President dies or resigns, the Vice President assumes control (the same as the 20th Amendment...?)
26th Amendment (Mar 23, 1971; Jul 1, 1971)
Citizens 18 and older are able to vote
27th Amendment (ratified May 7, 1992. )
Changes made to the Senators' or Representatives' salary must be approved by an election of representatives
  • originally proposed September 25, 1789

Original text of the Amendments:
The Bill of Rights (Amendments 1-10)
http://www.archives.gov/exhibits/charters/bill_of_rights_transcript.html
Amendments 11-27
http://www.archives.gov/exhibits/charters/constitution_amendments_11-27.html

AP Questions
Discuss how the Constitution was both (a) a product of its time, and (b) a document that has had enough flexibility to meet the challenges of the future.
  • In May 1787, 55 delegates came together in Philadelphia to amend the Articles of Confederation. What they did was create a new Constitution, a plan of government designed to solve the governmental problems experienced under the Articles of Confederation. The Constitution they created has remained a flexible, living document that continues to guide this nation today.
  • http://www.phschool.com/curriculum_support/brief_review/us_history/essay_questions/unit2.cfm
Evaluate the relative importance of domestic and foreign affairs in shaping American politics in the 1790s.
Analyze the contributions of TWO of the following in helping establish a stable government after the adoption of the Constitution.
John Adams
Thomas Jefferson
George Washington
By the 1850s the Constitution, originally framed as an instrument of national unity, had become a source of sectional discord and tension and ultimately contributed to the failure of the union it had created.
  • Skirted the slavery issue, which simmered and eventually reemerged
Between 1783 and 1800 the new government of the United States faced the same political, economic, and constitutional issues that troubled the British government's relations with the colonies prior to the Revolution. Assess the validity of this generalization.
What evidence is there for the assertion that the basic principles of the Constitution were firmly grounded in the political and religious experience of America's colonial and revolutionary periods?
The Bill of Rights did not come from a desire to protect the liberties won in the American Revolution, but rather from a fear of the powers of the new federal government. Assess the validity of this statement.
To what extent was the United States Constitution a radical departure from the Articles of Confederation?
The United States Constitution of 1787 represented an economic and ideological victory for the traditional American political elite. Assess the validity of that statement for the period 1781 to 1789.



Jon_S.
Jon_S.
Latest page update: made by Jon_S. , May 1 2008, 11:18 PM EDT (about this update About This Update Jon_S. Edited by Jon_S.


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Started By Thread Subject Replies Last Post
goldragonix Not sure about some of the amendments... 1 Apr 19 2008, 9:29 PM EDT by Jon.Clindaniel
Thread started: Apr 18 2008, 11:56 PM EDT  Watch
I am completely confused by the 11th and 20th Amendment.

11th Amendment:
The Judicial power of the United States shall not be construed to extend to any suit in law or equity, commenced or prosecuted against one of the United States by Citizens of another State, or by Citizens or Subjects of any Foreign State.

20th Amendment:
Section 4.
The Congress may by law provide for the case of the death of any of the persons from whom the House of Representatives may choose a President whenever the right of choice shall have devolved upon them, and for the case of the death of any of the persons from whom the Senate may choose a Vice President whenever the right of choice shall have devolved upon them.

Plus, the 25th Amendment kind of restates part of the 20th Amendment with the whole "Vice President takes charge when the President dies/steps down/is incapicated" sooo.....?
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